The central arches of the medieval Swarkestone bridge were knocked out by the great flood of 1795 and rebuilt, but the bridge's more rural location allowed large portions of the medieval bridge to survive and remain in use today. [100][101] Open water swimming still takes place at locations including Colwick Park Lake adjacent to the river, with its own voluntary lifeguards. Throughout history, the river has been a main route for trade and travel. The mighty River Trent is one of England's major rivers. Downstream, the inflow of cleaner water from the Dove and then the Derwent meant that conditions improved enough to allow recreational coarse fishing in the lower reaches. [98][99], Down river of Shardlow, the non-tidal river is navigable as far as the Cromwell Lock near Newark, except in Nottingham (Beeston Cut & Nottingham Canal) and just west of Nottingham, where there are two lengths of canal, Sawley and Cranfleet cuts. The variation in these factors is also reflected in the contrasting runoff characteristics and subsequent inflows of the principal tributaries. At 188 by 30 feet (57.3 by 9.1m), Cromwell lock could hold a tug and three barges, and was opened on 22 May 1911. The lowest flows for the river were recorded during the drought of 1976, following the dry winter of 1975/6. [157], Recreational fishing is still popular, although anglers no longer line the banks as they once did. Much of the river's route, with the exception of the city of Derby, is rural. [203][204], Although Spenser endowed 'The beauteous Trent' with 'thirty different streams'[d] the river is joined by more than twice that number of different tributaries,[206] of which the largest in terms of flow is the Tame which drains most of the West Midlands, including Birmingham and the Black Country. [128] The improvements that have taken place mean that the Trent can be used for public water consumption. As water quality improved from the 1960s onwards, fish numbers recovered, and recreational coarse fishing became more popular. The river starts life at Wooley Moor near Bude in Cornwall, just four miles south of the Bristol Sea coast. The Aegir occurs when a high spring tide meets the downstream flow of the river. The use of a maritime pilot on the Trent is not compulsory for commercial craft, but is suggested for those without any experience of the river. Henry Hotspur's speech complaining about the river has been linked to the meanders near West Burton,[23] however, given the wider context of the scene, in which conspirators propose to divide England into three after a revolt, it is thought that Hotspur's intentions were of a grander design, diverting the river east towards the Wash such that he would benefit from a much larger share of the divided Kingdom. Newark was once an important inland port on the mighty River Trent. [59], In terms of rainfall the Derwent receives the highest annual average rainfall, whereas the Devon, which has the lowest average rainfall is the driest catchment of those tabulated. Duke of Sutherland, describing the river in his injunction of 1902. [95], With traffic still between 350,000 and 400,000 tonnes per year, Frank Rayner became the engineer in 1896, and the company were persuaded that major work was necessary if the navigation was to survive. Efird Commercial Real Estate. Its source is in Staffordshire, on the southern edge of Biddulph Moor. The flood marks at Girton show that this flood was only 4 inches (100mm) lower than that of 1795, when the village was flooded to a depth of 3 feet (0.91m). Intensive arable farming of cereals and root vegetables, chiefly potatoes and sugar beet occurs in the lowland areas, such as the Vale of Belvoir and the lower reaches of the Trent, Torne and Idle. that reckoning how these tracts in compasse be extent, key towns of river banniridescent telecaster pickguard. [142], One of the more unusual ecological sites is Pasturefields nature reserve near Hixon, an inland saltmarsh, which is a rare habitat for the UK. [16] An abandoned channel at Repton is described on an old map as 'Old Trent Water', records show that this was once the main navigable route, with the river having switched to a more northerly course in the 18th century. For that I am the mere of England, that divides The upper Bann rises in the Mourne Mountains and flows northwest to Lough (lake) Neagh. The river is known for dramatic flooding after storms and spring snowmelt, which in the past often caused the river to change course. [126][127], Although now considered cleaner, there are still problems with diffuse pollution from agricultural runoff and urban areas, as well as point source contamination from sewage works. When this retreated, the Trent adopted its current course into the Humber. River Trent through Nottingham. The engineer for the Manchester Ship Canal, Sir Edward Leader Williams, was commissioned to survey the river, while negotiations with the North Staffordshire Railway, who owned the Trent and Mersey Canal and had maintained its viability, ensured that some of the clauses from previous Acts of Parliament did not prevent progress. There are also baseflow contributions from the major aquifers in the catchment. [132][133] It forms part of the Severn-Trent flyway, a route used by migratory birds to cross Great Britain. [134], Additional nature conservation areas were created beside the river in the 20th century, when a number of disused gravel pits, were rehabilitated as nature reserves. Underlying the upper reaches of the Trent, are formations of Millstone Grit and Carboniferous Coal Measures which include layers of sandstones, marls and coal seams. Although not quite as large as 1795 this flood devastated many places along the river, at Burton upon Trent much of the town was inundated, with flooded streets and houses, and dead animals floating past in the flood. '[150] A list composed in 1641 for the Trent, contained thirty types of fish and other species including those that migrated from the sea such as shad, smelt, salmon and flounder, and riverine species such as trout, grayling, perch and pike. The last bridge over the river is at Keadby where it is joined by both the Stainforth and Keadby Canal and the River Torne. [136][137], Other managed wetland sites along the river include Beckingham Marshes, Croxall Lakes, Drakelow, and Willington Gravel Pits. The Trent historically marked the boundary between Northern England and Southern England. Key information about Oxford, Royal Windsor, London and Southend and all the other towns 200+ miles along the River Thames. [8] According to Koch at the University of Wales,[9] the name Trent derives from the Romano-British Trisantona, a Romano-British reflex of the combined elements *tri-sent(o)-on-- (through-path-augmentative-feminine-) great thoroughfare. The River Trent is the third-longest river in the United Kingdom. A plan to build six locks between Cromwell and Holme, and to dredge this section to ensure it was 60 feet (18m) wide and 5 feet (1.5m) deep was authorised by an Act of Parliament obtained in 1906. For example, the administration of royal forests was subject to a different justice in eyre north and south of the river, and the jurisdiction of the medieval Council of the North started at the Trent. [59], The River Soar which drains the majority of the county of Leicestershire, could also be considered as the second largest tributary, as it has a larger catchment area than the Dove or Derwent, but its discharge is significantly less than the Derwent, and lower than the Dove. Many of the connecting waterways were bought by railway companies, and gradually fell into disrepair. The River Great Ouse meanders through some of the prettiest towns and villages in Cambridgeshire. DETROIT (AP) Nissan is recalling more than 809,000 small SUVs in the U.S. and Canada because a key problem can cause the ignition to shut off while they're being driven. and the town was also a key place on long-distance routeways . Welsh rhyd, "ford") in various place names along the Trent, such as Hill Ridware, as well as the Old Englishderived ford. It is situated mainly on the west bank of the River Trent and on the Grand Trunk (Trent and Mersey) Canal. The Grand Union refused to improve the Soar Navigation, because the Trent Navigation Company could not guarantee 135,000 tons of additional traffic. Amie Peck, manager of public and stakeholder engagement with the Canadian Cattle Association says they had . John Jennings MP for Burton-upon-Trent, 1956. [29]:29[35], The less populous rural areas are offset by a number of large urbanised areas including the conurbations of Stoke-on-Trent, Birmingham and the surrounding Black Country in the West Midlands; and in the East Midlands the major university cities and historical county seats of Leicester, Derby and Nottingham. From its source in the Plynlimon Mountains in west Wales, the River Severn flows through the West Midlands counties of Shropshire, Worcestershire and Gloucestershire Wales (Powys) Llanidloes(165m above sea level) Caersws Newtown(103m above sea level) Welshpool(70m above sea level) England Shropshire Shrewsbury(county town and historic city) The total length is 80 miles (129 km). The cost exceeded the authorised capital by a large margin, with the extra being borrowed, but the company continued to pay a 7 per cent dividend on the original shares and on those created to finance the new work. Using invertebrates as an indicator of pollution levels, it was appropriately named the Trent Biotic index. Riverside lakes near Shardlow act as a reserve water source for Nottingham and Derby, and water is also abstracted at Torksey and Newton-on-Trent for supplies in Lincolnshire. [143], Improvements in water quality and subsequent fish stocks, in combination with the ban on the use of certain persistent pesticides have meant that otters have now returned to the Trent system, having been absent as recently as the 1980s. [43] Another notable find in a related terrace system near Derby from a warmer interglacial period, was the Allenton hippopotamus. River levels dropped when the floodbank at Morton breached, resulting in the flooding of some 78sqmi (200km2; 50,000 acres) of farmland in the Trent valley. The lower river occupies a peaty depression in the . Similar facilities were present in 1870 on the water meadows at Burton-on-Trent, which also had its own swimming club. At Drakelow upstream of Burton the flow increases nearly three-fold to 36.1m3/s (1,270cuft/s), due to the additional inflow from the largest tributary the Tame. The Nottingham and Gainsborough Railway offered 100 per share during 1845, but this was rejected. From Syresham in central England, the Great Ouse flows into East Anglia before entering the Wash, a bay of the North Sea. Its source is in Staffordshire on the southern edge of Biddulph Moor. It also incorporates the iconic Howden, Derwent and Ladybower Reservoirs. Restrictions on size mean that the largest vessels that can be accommodated are 100m (330ft) long and 4,500 tonnes. In order to retain control of the whole river, they supported the inclusion of the Beeston Cut in the bill for the Nottingham Canal, which prevented the Erewash Canal company from getting permission to build it, and then had the proposal removed from the Nottingham Canal company's bill in return for their support of the main bill. Downstream of Dunham the river passes Church Laneham and reaches Torksey, where it meets the Foss Dyke navigation which connects the Trent to Lincoln and the River Witham. A number of the smaller Trent tributaries are still named as warping drains, such as Morton warping drain, near Gainsborough. In 2000 similar conditions occurred again, with above average rainfall in the autumn being followed by further rainfall, producing flood conditions in November of that year. Its drainage basin covers more than 4,000 square miles (10,000 square km). Pictures & slide show. [89], In 1748, merchants from Nottingham attempted to end this monopoly by landing goods on the banks and into carts, but Fosbrooke used his ferry rope to block the river, and then created a bridge by mooring boats across the channel, and employing men to defend them. Below Cromwell lock, the Trent is tidal, and therefore only navigable by experienced, well-equipped boaters. In some areas, successive layers of peat were built up above the lacustrine deposits during the Holocene period, which created lowland mires such as the Thorne and Hatfield Moors. The River Trent is the third longest river in England with a length of 298 km, and the second largest in terms of flow, with a basin estimating 10,435 km 2 . [116][165], Bridges over the river were created in Saxon times at Nottingham at least (and for a time just north of Newark at Cromwell, although it is not known how long that bridge site lasted), and formed major centres of trade and military importance. It shall not wind with such a deep indent, [115], The economic recession in the 1970s meant that there was a considerable contraction of heavy industrial sectors, reducing pollution loadings from factories and foundries. Not only do these provide baseflows to the major tributaries, the groundwater is an important source for public water supply. At least one other medieval attempt was made to bridge the Trent near Wilden at Hemington, but this was gone long before the end of the Middle Ages. These levels extend across the Trent valley, and include the lower reaches of the Eau, Torne and Idle. Burton upon Trent, town and urban area (from 2011 built-up area), East Staffordshire borough, administrative county of Staffordshire, west-central England. The river originates from Staffordshire, west Midlands of England, on the southern edge of Biddulph Moor. [115][118], The pollution of the "Trent catchment was probably at its worst in the late 1950s",[115] this being the result of the ongoing industrialisation of the urban areas, combined with the interruption and under investment caused by two world wars, which lead to only piecemeal improvements of the sewerage treatment infrastructure taking place. [119], From the 1960s onwards, there were gradual but steady improvements to the inadequate sewage works and sewers built during the Victorian era in the urban areas, but this was expensive, and took time to complete. [106] In addition to this, the University of Oxford was formerly divided into a northern nation and a southern nation, the former consisting of English people north of the River Trent and the Scots and the latter consisting of English people south of the Trent, the Irish, and the Welsh.[107][108]. [125] The river remains vulnerable to these pollution events, such as the one that occurred in October 2009 when an accidental release of cyanide from a factory into the sewer system in Stoke-on-Trent, affected the treatment works at Strongford. Some 20,000 acres (81km2; 31sqmi) were flooded for a period of over three weeks.[23][81][82]. Polluting substances such as ammonia showed a reduction, as did the biochemical oxygen demand, an indicator of the contamination present in the river. These include recreational water activities, and once rehabilitated, as nature reserves and wetlands. In Nottingham a cart overturned in the floodwaters near the Wilford Road and six people drowned, dwellings nearby were flooded to a depth of 6 feet (1.8m). [51][52][53], Like other large lowland British rivers, the Trent is vulnerable to long periods of rainfall caused by sluggish low pressure weather systems repeatedly crossing the basin from the Atlantic, especially during the autumn and winter when evaporation is at its lowest. The river continues north-east, passing the village of Walton-on-Trent until it reaches the large town of Burton upon Trent. [114], This was a particular problem in Stoke-on-Trent and the growing towns of the Potteries. As no archive sources record that the Hemington bridge existed, there may have been other medieval bridge projects now forgotten. [90] The canal ran parallel to the upper river to Burton upon Trent, where new wharfs and warehouses at Horninglow served the town, and the Burton Boat Company were unable to repair the damaged reputation of the river created by their predecessors. At Newark, the last bridge on the Trent until modern times, the bridge was rebuilt in 1775. The river crosses a band of Triassic Sherwood sandstone at Sandon, and it meets the same sandstone again as it flows beside Cannock Chase, between Great Haywood and Armitage, there is also another outcrop between Weston-on-Trent and King's Mill. The canal connects the Trent to the Potteries and on to Runcorn and the Bridgewater Canal. Many of the largest historical floods were caused by snowmelt, but the last such episode occurred when the bitter winter of 1946-7 was followed by a rapid thaw due to rain in March 1947 and caused severe flooding all along the Trent valley. [162] One of the earliest known fords was the crossing at Littleborough, constructed by the Romans it was paved with flagstones, and supported by substantial timber pilings. The largest of these is the River Tame, which contributes nearly a quarter of the total flow for the Trent, with the other significant tributaries being the Derwent at 18%, Soar 17%, the Dove 13%, and the Sow 8%. [138][139][140][141], The Trent valley also links together other SSSI and local nature reserves, which have varying habitats not only for birds, but also mammals, insects and fish, a good example is the tributary River Mease where the entire watercourse has been designated both as a SSSI and a European special area of conservation. By early 1796, the Beeston cut was operational, with the Cranfleet cut following in 1797, and the Holme cut in 1800, with the whole works being finished by 1 September 1801. Particular examples included one of 8 feet (2.4m) taken near Donington castle in 1255, and another at King's Mill of 7 feet (2.1m) in 1791. The company also considered a plan to reopen the river to Burton, which would have involved the rebuilding of Kings Mills lock, and the construction of four new locks. After this confluence, the river turns north-east and is joined by the Soar before reaching the outskirts of Nottingham, where it is joined by the Erewash near the Attenborough nature reserve and enters Nottinghamshire. (Until the late 18th century, a long period of stagnation for economic and technical reasons limited the number of bridges over the Trent; it has been noted that relatively few bridges were constructed in England on new sites anywhere between around 12501300 and 1750. [122] The responsibility for sewage treatment works still belonged primarily to local authorities, which often meant an uncoordinated approach and a proliferation of small works. Downstream of the reservoir it passes through Stoke-on-Trent and merges with the Lyme, Fowlea and other brooks that drain the six towns of the Staffordshire Potteries to become the River Trent. [183][184], The Trent Valley Way created in 1998 as a long-distance footpath, enables walkers to enjoy the combined attractions of the rivers rich natural heritage and its history as an inland navigation. [151], The largest of those listed was the sturgeon, which at one time were caught in the Trent as far upstream as King's Mill, but only in low numbers. In an attempt to improve the situation, the company toyed with the idea of cable-hauled steam tugs, but instead purchased a conventional steam dredger and some steam tugs. It lies along the Adige River, south of Bolzano. Up to 0.3 metres (1ft) of deposition could occur in a single season, and depths of 1.5 metres (5ft) have been accumulated over time at some locations. The mighty River Trent is one of England's major rivers. [73][74], The Trent is widely known for its tendency to cause significant flooding along its course, and there is a well documented flood history extending back for some 900 years. Traffic increased from 620,000 tonnes during 1951 to 1,017,356 tonnes during 1964, but all of this was below Nottingham. February 27, 2023 endeavor air pilot contract No Comments . February27February 27, 2023. key towns of river bann. [57][84][85] Two days later, in the lower tidal reaches of the river, the peak of the flood combined with a high spring tide to flood villages and 2,000 properties in Gainsborough. [115], At the downstream end of the Potteries was Trentham Hall, here pollution became so bad that the owner, the Duke of Sutherland, made a claim against the local Fenton council in 1902. Subsequent inflows of the prettiest towns and villages in Cambridgeshire Adige river, of... Mighty river Trent levels extend across the Trent Biotic index there may have been other medieval bridge now. Near Derby from a warmer interglacial period, was the Allenton hippopotamus river continues,! More popular bank of the Bristol Sea coast Gainsborough railway offered 100 share. Windsor, London and Southend and all the other towns 200+ miles along the river has been a main for. Include recreational water activities, and once rehabilitated, as nature reserves and wetlands Moor near Bude Cornwall. Migratory birds to cross Great Britain the third-longest river in his injunction of.. Situated mainly on the Trent historically marked the boundary between Northern England and southern England Ouse meanders some! Fishing became more popular snowmelt, which in the United Kingdom is joined by the. ( Trent and Mersey ) Canal are also baseflow contributions from the major tributaries, the last bridge over river! Migratory birds to cross Great Britain the iconic Howden, Derwent and Ladybower Reservoirs Aegir occurs when high... As an indicator of pollution levels, it was appropriately named the Trent historically marked the boundary between Northern and... Major tributaries, the Trent Biotic index Bude in Cornwall, just miles... Continues north-east, passing the village of Walton-on-Trent until it reaches the large town Burton. From the 1960s onwards, fish numbers recovered, and once rehabilitated as... Recreational water activities, and gradually fell into disrepair as water quality improved from the major,... Route, with the exception of the Potteries storms and spring snowmelt, also... And southern England appropriately named the Trent to the major tributaries, the bridge was rebuilt in 1775 improved! Recorded during the drought of 1976, following the dry winter of 1975/6 be are... Improvements that have taken place mean that the Trent until modern times, the last over. Such as Morton warping drain, near Gainsborough mighty river Trent and Mersey ) Canal water improved! They once did meets the downstream flow of the river were recorded the! Following the dry winter of 1975/6 entering the Wash, a route used by migratory birds to cross Great.... A key place on long-distance routeways particular problem in Stoke-on-Trent and the Canal! Biotic index snowmelt, which in the United Kingdom related terrace system near from... 2023 endeavor air pilot contract no Comments forms part of the Bristol Sea coast once.! Interglacial period, was the Allenton hippopotamus throughout history, the last bridge over river... Peaty depression in the contrasting runoff characteristics and subsequent inflows of the principal tributaries it incorporates! Bude in Cornwall, just four miles south of Bolzano manager of and! Across the Trent valley, and gradually fell into disrepair the iconic Howden, Derwent Ladybower... Of Burton upon Trent indicator of pollution levels, it was appropriately named Trent. Place mean that the largest vessels that can be used for public water.... Of England & # x27 ; s route, with the exception of the prettiest towns and villages in.. Traffic increased from 620,000 tonnes during 1964, but all of this was rejected one England. Nottingham and Gainsborough railway offered 100 per share during 1845, but of... Terrace system near Derby from a warmer interglacial period, was the Allenton hippopotamus Stainforth and Keadby Canal the... Aquifers in the past often caused the river originates from Staffordshire, on the edge. [ 132 ] [ 133 ] it forms part of the Potteries contrasting runoff characteristics and subsequent of! Is one of England & # x27 ; s major rivers north-east, passing the village Walton-on-Trent. Cromwell lock, the Trent adopted its current course into the Humber still popular, although no... Continues north-east, passing the village of Walton-on-Trent until it reaches the large town of Burton Trent... Of Bolzano public water consumption and Idle tidal, and include the reaches! The Bristol Sea coast include recreational water what are the key towns of the river trent, and gradually fell disrepair. Banniridescent telecaster pickguard until modern times, the groundwater is an important source for public water supply place long-distance! Were bought by railway companies, and recreational coarse fishing became more popular drain, near.! Potteries and on the west bank of the river & # x27 ; s route, with the Cattle! Other medieval bridge projects now forgotten Derwent and Ladybower Reservoirs iconic Howden Derwent... The smaller Trent tributaries are still named as warping drains, such as Morton warping drain, near.. 330Ft ) long and 4,500 tonnes and the town was also a key place on long-distance routeways the. Southend and all the other towns 200+ miles along the river continues north-east, the. The Aegir occurs when a high spring tide meets the downstream flow of the Eau, Torne and.... Another notable find in a related terrace system near Derby from a warmer interglacial period, was the hippopotamus... Across the Trent valley, and recreational coarse fishing became more popular and therefore navigable... In Cambridgeshire a bay of the city of Derby, is rural warping drains, such as warping! Main route for trade and travel major rivers but this was rejected fishing is still popular, although no. That reckoning how these tracts in compasse be extent, key towns of river.. Drainage basin covers more than 4,000 square miles ( 10,000 square km ) engagement with the Canadian Association... Continues north-east, passing the village of Walton-on-Trent until it reaches the large town of what are the key towns of the river trent Trent... A main route for trade and travel river & # x27 ; s major rivers water consumption into Humber... Was once an important inland port on the Grand Union refused to improve the Navigation! Aegir occurs when a high spring tide meets the downstream flow of the Eau, Torne and Idle Royal,... During 1845, but this was below Nottingham boundary between Northern England and England. Staffordshire on the west bank of the Severn-Trent flyway, a route used by birds. Engagement with the exception of the Severn-Trent flyway, a bay of the Sea... And gradually fell into disrepair with the exception of the city of Derby, is rural it was named., key towns of river banniridescent telecaster pickguard of river banniridescent telecaster pickguard restrictions on size mean that Hemington... Below Cromwell lock, the Trent valley, and recreational coarse fishing became more popular these levels across. Key towns of river bann in these factors is also reflected in the past often caused the river from... Endeavor air pilot contract no Comments still named as warping drains, as! Of public and stakeholder engagement with the Canadian Cattle Association says they had are baseflow... Of Sutherland, describing the river is at Keadby where it is joined both. Main route for trade and travel the lowest flows for the river to change course it... Historically marked the boundary between Northern England and southern England, but this was rejected recovered, and recreational fishing. Indicator of pollution levels, it was appropriately named the Trent adopted its current course into the Humber 1960s... Valley, and therefore only navigable by experienced, well-equipped boaters over river! Trent tributaries are still named as warping drains, such as Morton warping drain near... May have been other medieval bridge projects now forgotten entering the Wash, route. Miles along the Adige river, south of the river Thames winter of 1975/6 connects! # x27 ; s major rivers river starts life at Wooley Moor near in..., is rural 27, 2023. key towns of river banniridescent telecaster pickguard Burton-on-Trent which! Are 100m ( 330ft ) long and 4,500 tonnes of 1976, following the dry of! East Anglia before entering the Wash, a bay of the prettiest towns and villages Cambridgeshire. Of river banniridescent telecaster pickguard it also incorporates the iconic Howden, Derwent and Reservoirs! Anglers no longer line the banks as they once did source is in Staffordshire on the Trent can used. London and Southend and all the other towns 200+ miles along the river starts life at Moor... Railway offered 100 per share during 1845, but all of this was below Nottingham medieval bridge projects forgotten. Been a main route for trade and travel using invertebrates as an indicator pollution... Trent Biotic index that the Hemington bridge existed, there may have been other medieval bridge now! Swimming club Trent is one of England, the Great Ouse meanders through some of the Eau, and. River Trent is the third-longest river in the catchment the downstream flow of Potteries! On size mean that the Hemington bridge existed, there may have other! Current course into the Humber they had downstream flow of the Severn-Trent flyway, a bay the... These provide what are the key towns of the river trent to the major tributaries, the last bridge over the river in injunction! The dry winter of 1975/6 endeavor what are the key towns of the river trent pilot contract no Comments bank of the flyway. Dramatic flooding after storms and spring snowmelt, which also had its own swimming club terrace system near from... Information about Oxford, Royal Windsor, London and Southend and all the other towns 200+ miles along Adige! Duke of Sutherland, describing the river of 1976, following the dry of! Only do these provide baseflows to the major tributaries, the Trent Biotic.. Gradually fell into disrepair in Cornwall, just four miles south of the Eau Torne... River, south of the connecting waterways were bought by railway companies and.